Reza Mohammadi; Mohammad Armion; Esmail Zadhassan; Masoud Eskandari
Volume 2, Issue 2 , January 2014, Pages 1-14
Abstract
This research was investigated to analyze genotype × environment (GE) interaction for grain yield in durum wheat multi-environment trials (MET) conducted in dryland agricultural research stations (DARI) using GGE (G + GE interaction) biplot methodology and joint regression analysis (b + S2di). ...
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This research was investigated to analyze genotype × environment (GE) interaction for grain yield in durum wheat multi-environment trials (MET) conducted in dryland agricultural research stations (DARI) using GGE (G + GE interaction) biplot methodology and joint regression analysis (b + S2di). The environment, GE interaction and genotype effects were accounted for 84%, 7.7% and 2.3% of total sum of squares. The large variations due to environment effects are indicating environmental diversity that causes significant GE interaction and consequently variation in genotypic yields. Correlation analysis among environments indicated that the environment group corresponding to Maragheh and Shirvan locations (cold locations) differed from environment group corresponding to Ilam location (warm location) in genotypes ranking, whereas environments corresponding to Kermanshah location (moderate location), depending on cropping season, were correlated with the both environmental groups. Based on GGE biplot, the genotypes G21 (Saji cultivar), G11 and G16 had the high combination of yield and stability, while the genotypes G16, G4 and G13 were stable and G23 and G22 were unstable. According to joint regression analysis (JRA), genotypes G7, G18 and G17 with regression coefficients higher than unit were adapted to favorable environments, while G23 and G22 with lowest regression coefficients were adapted to unfavorable environments. Genotypes G16, G8 and G6 with lowest variance in regression deviation were among the first three most stable genotypes and genotypes G23, G1 and G2 vice versa. Genotypes G16, G5 and G18 based on JRA had a good combination of yield and stability. Based on both methods (GGE biplot and JRA) genotype G16 was identified as high yielding and stable genotype and G23 as unstable genotype with low yielding performance. The GGE biplot due to provide more information on GE interaction was a useful tool than the JRA.
Yadollah Farayedi
Volume 2, Issue 2 , January 2014, Pages 17-32
Abstract
In order to study of environment × genotype interaction and selection of stable and high yielding and cold tolerant chickpea lines, this study carried out with 13 chickpea genotypes along with one local check (Jam) in a RCB design with four replications during three cropping seasons ...
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In order to study of environment × genotype interaction and selection of stable and high yielding and cold tolerant chickpea lines, this study carried out with 13 chickpea genotypes along with one local check (Jam) in a RCB design with four replications during three cropping seasons (2009-2012) in agricultural research station of Maragheh (DARI). The genotypes were exposed to cold temperatures of -8.5, -11 and -12 ◦C without snow covering during 2009, 2010, 2011 winters. Combined analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences in grain and biomass yields and highly significant differences in other characteristics (100SW، PH، DF، DM، HI، PS، CT، CH% and PC2) between genotypes. Mean comparison of grain yield showed that FLIP 99-26C، FLIP 00-84C and FLIP 00-39C with 1017، 1013 and 977 Kg/ha had more grain yield than Jam check (973), respectively. The results of this study showed that almost all of genotypes endured -8.5 ◦C perfectly and FLIP 00-84C showed the highest tolerance to cold. Based on ranking method, FLIP 00-84C with 3.3 had the lowest ranking. Genotype No. 12 had the lowest SDR (0.57). Evaluation of yield stability of genotypes with using of among years variance (S2y) showed that genotypes No. 1, 2, 9 with 0.155, 0.196 and 0.217 had low variance, respectively; and they were the most stable genotypes. The conclusion of results based on variance of among years, ranking and CV methods showed that FLIP 00-84C was the most stable genotype.
Khoshnood Alizadeh; Vahid Fath Rezaei
Volume 2, Issue 2 , January 2014, Pages 33-40
Abstract
Introduction of suitable vetch as a winter crop in cold drylands is highly important in the country. Hence, 14 Hungarian vetch selected from exotic germplasm were studied as randomized complete blocks design with three replications in four research stations of Dryland Agricultural Research Institute ...
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Introduction of suitable vetch as a winter crop in cold drylands is highly important in the country. Hence, 14 Hungarian vetch selected from exotic germplasm were studied as randomized complete blocks design with three replications in four research stations of Dryland Agricultural Research Institute (DARI) during 2007-2010. Combined analysis of forage yields revealed significant differences between years, locations, genotypes and genotypes by environment interaction effects. Non parametric stability values were in three categories. The first group of stability values selected Golsefid and Sel-515 and the other group recognized Sel-459 as the most stable genotype. However, it was concluded that line Sel-515 with the lowest rank and the least variation according to all stability values have the highest homeostasis under cold rainfed conditions.
Amin Abbasi; Vagef Enayati
Volume 2, Issue 2 , January 2014, Pages 41-51
Abstract
A hydroponic experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of of magnesium (Mg) deficiency on plant cell metabolism in PGS durum wheat cultivar. The experiment was conducted in 4 replications as a completely randomized design in 2010. Result showed that magnesium deficiency increased reactive oxygen ...
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A hydroponic experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of of magnesium (Mg) deficiency on plant cell metabolism in PGS durum wheat cultivar. The experiment was conducted in 4 replications as a completely randomized design in 2010. Result showed that magnesium deficiency increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Furthermore, Mg deficiency declined significantly the activity of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) as well as total chlorophyll content. But catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were significantly increased under Mg deficiency. Outcome of these changes caused oxidative stress in plant cells and thus lead to increase damage of biological molecules. The increased of lipid peroxidation and cell death confirmed this opinion. The results showed there is a negative relationship between the antioxidant enzymes activity and cell membrane damage and ultimately cell death.
Ali Reza Tavakoli
Volume 2, Issue 2 , January 2014, Pages 53-68
Abstract
To study the effect of sowing date and a single irrigation (SI) on yield and yield components of barley, a field experiment was conducted in Dryland Agricultural Research Institute (Maragheh, Iran) in 2004-06 cropping seasons, using a split plot based on a randomized complete block design with 3 replications. ...
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To study the effect of sowing date and a single irrigation (SI) on yield and yield components of barley, a field experiment was conducted in Dryland Agricultural Research Institute (Maragheh, Iran) in 2004-06 cropping seasons, using a split plot based on a randomized complete block design with 3 replications. Main plots were assigned to 3 levels of sowing date (early, normal and late). Sub-plots were assigned to five levels of single irrigation (Rainfed, 50mm SI at planting time, 100mm SI at planting time, SI at 50% depletion of available water and SI at 100% of depletion of available water) for two levels of sub-sub plots of barley cultivars (Abidar and Dayton (URB79-7)). The results showed the effect of planting date, single irrigation and barley cultivars on grain yield and water productivity index were significant on yield and yield components. Dayton cultivar had more yield than Abidar because of having more grains per spike and spike per square meter. Single irrigation at planting time increased grain yield by increasing seed weight, spike number per square meter and fertile spikes. Effectiveness of this treatment on average two years shows that barley yield increased up to 3500 - 4100 kg ha-1. Limited single irrigation (SI at 50% depletion of available water) at spring time (during heading to flowering stage) had significant effects on yield and water productivity by increasing fertile spikes and seed weight.
Volume 2, Issue 2 , January 2014, Pages 69-82
Abstract
In order to study physiological characteristics of rainfed bread wheat genotypes, an experiment was conducted with 20 genotypes in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications under rainfed and supplementary irrigation conditions. This experiment was carried out at the Dryland Agricultural ...
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In order to study physiological characteristics of rainfed bread wheat genotypes, an experiment was conducted with 20 genotypes in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications under rainfed and supplementary irrigation conditions. This experiment was carried out at the Dryland Agricultural Research Institute (DARI) in Maragheh during 2007-2008. To determine growth indices, sampling was carried out during growing season. The results revealed that genotype 7 in rainfed and genotypes 1, 7, 12 and 22 in supplementary irrigation conditions had both high CGR and high grain yield. Relative growth rate curve of genotypes 1, 3, 7, 9, 19 and 22 sharply increased than the rest in rainfed condition, so their dry matter accumulation will be faster. This study indicates that high relative growth rate (RGR) cannot be considered the only factor of high grain yield under stress condition, because some high yielding genotypes had low RGR. By contrast, genotypes with high RGR produced high grain yield in supplementary condition.
Seyyed Saeid Pourdad; Reza Malek Hoseini; Hosein Hatamzadeh
Volume 2, Issue 2 , January 2014, Pages 85-100
Abstract
To study general combining ability (GCA) and estimation of heterosis in sunflower inbred lines for seed yield and other three agronomic traits, 68 inbred lines crossed with open pollination variety Lakumka. In next year inbred lines along with topcrosses were planted in RCBD with 2 replications under ...
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To study general combining ability (GCA) and estimation of heterosis in sunflower inbred lines for seed yield and other three agronomic traits, 68 inbred lines crossed with open pollination variety Lakumka. In next year inbred lines along with topcrosses were planted in RCBD with 2 replications under two moisture conditions in Sararood Agricultural Research Station. Analysis of variance in both moisture conditions showed significant differences among inbred lines and topcrosses in 1% level of probability for all traits that means there were high genetic variation among genotypes under study. The highest seed yield in drought stress condition were belonged to SIL-109 inbred line with 14.6 and SIL-175×lakumka topcross with 38.6 g/plant. In non-stress condition SIL-102 inbred line and SIL-99×lakumka topcross had the highest seed yield with 26.7 and 32.2 g/plant, respectively. Average seed yield of inbred lines and topcrosses in non-stress condition were two times more than stress condition. Heterosis for seed yield in stress and non-stress conditions were 25.25 and 43.77 percent, respectively. Considering heterotic combinations in both conditions showed that more number of topcrosses had positive heterosis under non-stress condition as compare to drought stress condition and showed better yield potential. Estimation of GCA under both moisture conditions revealed that GCA of inbred lines increased in stress as compare to non-stress condition. Drawing biplot of GCA for inbred lines showed that 8 and 10 inbred lines were close to seed yield vector for stress and non-stress conditions, respectively and had high GCA.
