Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1 Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Mara-gheh, Iran
2 Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Magheh, Maragheh, Iran
3 Kohgiluyeh and Boyerahmad Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Yasuj, Iran
Abstract
Introduction: Barley is one of the most important cereals worldwide and in Iran, and is cultivated in all temperate regions as well as many cold regions. With an annual production of 157 million tons (3 million tons in Iran) and a cultivated area of 56 million hectares (1.7 million hectares in Iran), it holds a key position among cereal crops. The GGE biplot method is a novel approach for evaluating genotype-environment interaction effects, in which the genotype effect and the genotype-environment interaction effect are not separated, and the selection of stable genotypes is based on both effects.
Methodology: In this project, 16 advanced common barley lines, along with two barley cultivars Khoram and Mahur were grown in five regions: Gachsaran, Moghan, Gonbad, Lorestan and Ilam. The experiment was conducted over three years using a randomized complete block design with four replications. Each year, an analysis of variance was first conducted for the yield of the varieties separately for each year and location. Subsequently, a combined analysis of variance (considering all locations and years of the trial) was performed.
Research findings: The results of analysis of variance showed that the effects of genotype, environment, and genotype × environment interaction were significant in 2013-2014-2015. Polygonal biplot analysis led to the identification of five superior genotypes (17, 3, 6, 8, 7) and three main environments. Simultaneous assessment of genotype stability and performance indicated that genotypes 1, 3 and 15 not only exhibited high performance but also higher performance stability. Based on the diagram of hypothetical ideal environments, the environment in Ilam came closer to this ideal. In the biplot analysis, the correlations between environments showed that the correlations between Moghan and Gachsaran, Moghan and Ilam, and Gonbad and Lorestan were high due to small angles, indicating similar responses of genotypes in these locations. In contrast, the correlation between Lorestan and Ilam was close to zero, suggesting independent performance of the genotypes in these environments. This approach identified genotypes 3, 1, and 15 as the superior genotypes.
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