Document Type : Research Paper
Author
Academic member of Agricultural Engineering Research Department, Semnan (Shahrood), Agricultural Research and Education and Natural Resources Research Center, AREEO, Shahrood, lran.
Abstract
Introduction: Wheat is one of the most important agricultural products and provides the most food needs of humans in developing countries. Wheat cultivation is of special importance due to the variety of planting machines used, including types of drilling machines, combination seeders, and centrifugal seeders, and it is necessary to undergo a detailed technical evaluation. Also, compliance with agricultural technical principles, such as the amount of seed per unit area, is an important factor that significantly impacts the efficiency of cultivation.
Methodology: To compare the effects of conventional drills and seed density on wheat (Kohdasht variety) yield, this project was completed as a factorial experiment at randomized complete blocks design with 3 replications. Four seed drills (Kesht Gostar, Sandan Sanat (12 and 14 farrow openers) and broadcast seeder and three amounts of seed rates (400, 500 and 600 seeds per meter), have been surveyed for 2 years (2013 & 2014) in Kalpoosh region in Semnan province.
Research findings: The results indicated that planting machinery's effect on uniformity of planting depths, emergency percent and grain yield was significant (P<0.05). Maximum and minimum yield were obtained from Sandan Sanat 14 (2663 kg ha-1) and seed broadcasting method (2307 kg ha-1), respectively. The number of spikes per meter, Thousand kernel weight and grain yield were significant (P<0.05). Maximum (503) and minimum (406) number of spikes per meter were related to 240 and 160 kg ha-1 seed rates, respectively. Maximum thousand kernel weight (32.5 g) was obtained from 160 kg ha-1 seed rates. Maximum (2696 kg ha-1) and minimum (2332 kg ha-1) grain yield were related to 200 and 160 kg ha-1 seed rates, respectively. Regarding the results of this research, Sandan Sanat (SN14) seed planter and 200 kgha-1 seed rate was identified as the best combination in dryland conditions of Kalpoosh region.
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