Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
Dryland Agricultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Maragheh, Iran.
Abstract
Introduction: One of the basic problems in chickpea cultivation, especially in autumn cultivation, is the control of weeds. The weak competitive ability of peas against weeds causes a sharp reduction in yield. The problem of weed control has limited the development of chickpea cultivation in rotation with cereals, and farmers inevitably use wheat-fallow rotation. Weed control is effective in improving yield and ultimately increasing farmers' income on the one hand and production cost on the other hand, so the best method with the lowest cost and the highest profitability should be determined.
Methodology: In order to control chickpea weeds in autumn cultivation, by chemical and mechanical methods, this project includes seven treatments: 1- chemical control, 2- mechanical control, 3- combined control by fighting method. chemical and mechanical, 4- chemical control and manual weeding, 5- mechanical control and manual weeding, 6- manual weeding and 7- no weed control in three replications in the form of blocks A complete random experiment was carried out for two years (1398-1399 and 1402-1401) at Dem Kishore Agricultural Research Institute (Maragheh station). Chickpea variety Anna with a density of 30 seeds per square meter under no-till conditions (direct cultivation) was planted and the biological yield, seed yield, number of plants per unit area, hundred seed weight and plant height were measured and different methods of weed control were evaluated economically.
Research findings: The results showed that there is a significant difference in seed yield, biological yield and the number of plants per hectare under different weed control methods. The treatments of mechanical control and weeding, weeding, and chemical control and weeding had the highest yield of chickpea seeds with average yield of 575.75, 540.1, and 535.8, respectively. Also, based on the obtained results, the economic index of benefit-cost ratio of chemical control treatment with non-selective herbicide at 53 cm intervals was 3.5, which was more than other treatments. Therefore, this treatment was idetified as the most economical treatment for weed management in the autumn cultivation of chickpeas. Also, the benefit-cost ratio of chemical control treatment combined with manual weeding was 3.1, and it was recognized as the second economic treatment.
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