Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Ahar Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
2 PhD Student in Production and Post-Harvest Physiology of Medicinal Plants, Department of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
3 Graduated from Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Department of Crop Ecology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran.
Abstract
Introduction: Weeds are one of the most important factors that reduce the growth and yield of plants. Therefore, adopting the appropriate method of weed control depending on the environmental conditions can play an effective role in improving the yield of plants. This study aimed to evalute the effect of different weed control methods on the growth and yield of safflower.
Materials & Methods: In order to investigate the effect of different weed management methods on spring safflower protein content, an experiment based on a randomized complete block design was carried out at the research field of Tabriz University. The investigated treatments included no weed control, one - hand weeding at the rosette stage, Vicia ervilia cover plant, Vicia villosa cover plant, V. ervilia + V. villosa cover plant, straw and stubble mulch, trifluralin herbicide, trifluralin + gallant herbicide, trifluralin + fenmedifam herbicide, Haloxyfop-R ethyl + fenmedifam, hand weeding twice before stem elongation.
Research findings: Based on the results, the percentage of protein in the treatment of full hand control of weeds was 157.2% higher compared to the treatment of no weed control. According to the findings of this research, among the different methods of weed control, Trifluralin herbicide + Fenmedipham, Haloxyfop-R ethyl + Fenmedipham, manual weeding twice before the stem lengthens, V. ervilia and V. villosa, mulch Straw and stubble and complete hand control of weeds had a significant increase in seed yield, and the highest increase with 107% was obtained from the treatment of complete hand control of weeds. According to the results, the straw and stubble mulch treatment had the highest number of weeds with 56 plants in the straw and stubble mulch treatment. Comparing the averages of weed biomass under the influence of the weed control method showed that the highest weed biomass with 188.9 g m-2 belonged to the lack of weed control. The lowest weed biomass (78.9 g m-2) belonged to the cover plant of cluster vetch + cowpea. The treatment of two manual weeding before stem elongation also caused a 56.6% decrease in weed biomass. In general, considering the economic importance of spring safflower and the importance of the role of reducing the use of herbicides, it is suggested to use the treatments of V. ervilia and V. villosa and straw and stubble mulch to control weeds in safflower fields in the region.
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