Crops under rainfed cultivation
M. Mohammadfam; Saber Golkari; Behzad Sadeghzadeh
Volume 5, Issue 2 , January 2017, , Pages 185-201
Abstract
Wheat, as a major crop in Iran and in the world, is considered an important crop for human consumption. Identification of allelic variations at loci that control vernalization requirements and cold tolerance, provides valuable information for determining adaptability of wheat genotypes to target environments. ...
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Wheat, as a major crop in Iran and in the world, is considered an important crop for human consumption. Identification of allelic variations at loci that control vernalization requirements and cold tolerance, provides valuable information for determining adaptability of wheat genotypes to target environments. At molecular level, vernalization in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is determined mainly by three VRN-1, VRN-2 and VRN-3 loci. In hexaploid wheat, dominant alleles Vrn-A1, Vrn-B1 and Vrn-D1 are responsible for spring growth habit and recessive allels with epistatic interactions determine the winter growth habit. In this study, allelic variations among 50 wheat genotypes were studied using 9 primer pairs specific to VRN-1 and VRN-B3 loci. Dominant alleles at Vrn-B1,Vrn-D1 and Vrn-B3 loci were detected with the frequency of %58, %24 and %90, respectively. Recessive alleles vrn-B1, vrn-D1 and vrn-B3 had a frequency of %42, %76 and %10, respectively. At Vrn-A1 locus, different alleles were detected with the frequency of Vrn-A1c (58%), Vrn-A1b (26%), Vrn-A1a (14%) and vrn-A1 (2%). Our finding revealed a considerable level of variations at gene loci controlling vernalization and cold tolerance in dryland wheat genotypes. Data provided here may be used for producing new wheat cultivars adapted to the target environments.
plant breeding
S. Golkari; M.A. Mousavi Shalmani; V. Feiziasl
Volume 5, Issue 1 , May 2016, , Pages 1-18
Abstract
Water deficit always has been considered as one of the most limiting factor to agricultural production in Iran, as the country is located in the arid and semi-arid zone. This study aimed to evaluate genetic variation among wheat germplasm for drought tolerance and to determine the possible application ...
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Water deficit always has been considered as one of the most limiting factor to agricultural production in Iran, as the country is located in the arid and semi-arid zone. This study aimed to evaluate genetic variation among wheat germplasm for drought tolerance and to determine the possible application of 13C isotope discrimination method in identifying wheat genotypes with higher WUE. A number of 160 wheat lines and cultivars with varying level of drought tolerance were examined in observation plots under augmented randomized complete block design along with 4 check cultivars repeated in all 10 blocks. The experiment was performed at Dryland Agricultural Research Station in Maragheh under rainfed conditions during 2009-10 growing season. Data analysis revealed significant differences among the evaluated genotypes for yield under dryland conditions. Our finding suggested that late-mature genotypes have shorter height and lower harvest index, lower thousand kernel weight, which resulted in less yield under dryland conditions. The findings lead to the identification of 22 superior lines with higher yield and desired agronomic traits compared to the check cultivars. Calculation of linear correlation showed significant negative correlation between Δ and wheat grain yield. Under dryland conditions, genotypes with higher yield had lower 13C isotope discrimination. Grain yield showed a significant and negative correlation with 13C discrimination in wheat grown under dryland conditions. This finding suggest that using 13C discrimination to identify wheat genotypes with higher WUE will be able to yield more under dryland conditions.
